@andrewn
This is going to be a long e-mail, I will try and break it into parts for clarity.
Just a bit info of my background to put things into context. My day job is building training simulators for chemical plant operators, chemical engineer by training but need to be familiar with multiple disciplines including control systems. Electronics is something of a hobby.
I want to clarify whether the MASSO G3 controller has a current-limiting resistors (5 mA) at the TTL outputs. If yes, we need to change schematic and PCB for using our THC with Masso G3.
I do not work for Masso.
According to my digital microscope camera the output chip is a CD40106B CMOS Hex Schmitt-Trigger Inverter. The output voltage should be just about rail-to-rail but have an output source of 3 mA according to the Texas Instrument data sheet. This would suggest the 5mA recommended limit is pushing the design envelope a bit...
I am uncomfortable with your circuit diagram - a full wave bridge rectifier on an opto-coupler is going to eat into the available voltage for the resistor to regulate the LED current. The E:357N-G (from the data sheet) has a forward voltage between 1.2V to 1.4V. The BAS40 has a variable forward voltage drop depending on current, I am going to use 0.5V as a working value. The total forward voltage drop excluding the resistor is going to be roughly 2.3V (1.3V+0.5V+0.5V). This leaves 2.7V voltage margin for the resistor to work with, however every 0.1V change in voltage input will result in 4% change in LED current.
If we use
TTL logic levels as our input reference then the opto-coupler should trigger at 2.7V thus only having 0.4V margin for the resistor.
It is easy to criticize, but harder to provide an alternative. *scratches head*
I think I have a suggestion for the input side but you need to review the suggestion to see if it would work for your problem. Instead of a full wave bridge rectifier use two opto-couplers which are connected in parallel except for the input LEDs, connect the LEDs such that one will aways conduct. Instead of a resistor use a JFET current source (you will need one for each opto-coupler, a JFET current source is a N-Channel JFET and a resistor). Potentially over engineered solution which should happily switch on if the voltage difference is between 2V and 24V across the inputs.
I will try and draw this up in Eagle CAD and post a circuit schematic later.
And another question - can a one signal (for example Plasma on/off) can be be assigned to two TTL outputs at once?
From memory you can't however if you could modify the post processor to turn on/off multiple auxiliary outputs.